Registration requirements

The article for publication is submitted in a prepared template from USH Journal. It must be downloaded from the site and the text for replacement must be inserted without changing the text formatting.

 

USH Journal Article Template

Article Structure

UDC Index: left-aligned.

Title of the Article: left-aligned, no more than 12 words, provided in both Ukrainian and English.

Author Information: provided in both Ukrainian and English, left-aligned. Full names of all authors must be listed. Author information must include:

  • institutional affiliations;

  • full official names and legal addresses of institutions;

  • contact email addresses;

  • academic degree;

  • ORCID.

Summary

A concise and clear description of the work for the journal website, up to 200 words. It should clearly state the problem, objective and tasks, key results, conclusions, and relevance to society. No technical terms, explanations, references, or abbreviations. Submitted in both Ukrainian and English.

Abstract

One paragraph, 250–300 words. For research articles, structured abstracts are recommended, but without section headings.

  • Background and relevance: describe the problem or research question in a broad context and state the objective.

  • Methods: briefly describe the main methods applied and any methodological considerations affecting interpretation of results.

  • Results: summarize the main results, highlighting scientific novelty and practical significance.

  • Conclusions: present the main conclusions of the study.

The abstract should objectively reflect the article and must not include results not presented and justified in the main text. Submitted in both Ukrainian and English.

Keywords

4–7 keywords related to the research topic, not duplicating the article title.

1. Introduction

The introduction should:

  • briefly outline the research problem in a broad context and emphasize its relevance;

  • provide a review and analysis of at least 20 key publications from recent years, highlighting conflicting or divergent hypotheses;

  • conclude with the main objective and expected outcomes.

The introduction should be understandable to researchers outside the field. References must follow APA style. Self-citations should not exceed 10% of total references. Suggested length: ~30% of the total manuscript (excluding abstract).

2. Materials and Methods

This section should provide sufficient detail to allow replication. Novel methods must be described fully, while established methods may be briefly summarized and cited.

3. Results

Results may be subdivided as needed. Provide concise and precise descriptions of experimental results, their interpretation, and experimental conclusions.

Figures and tables must be cited in the text as Figure 1 / Рисунок 1, Table 1 / Таблиця 1, etc. Schemes/graphs must have consistent formatting, high quality, and be edited for translation if needed.

Avoid citing other works, except for self-citations (≤10%). Length: ≥30% of total manuscript (excluding abstract).

4. Discussion

Discuss the results in the context of previous research and working hypotheses (including those mentioned in the Introduction, without repeating information). Discuss conclusions and implications in a broad context and identify potential future research directions. Suggested length: ~30% of total manuscript (excluding abstract).

5. Conclusions

Optional; can be added if the discussion is very long or complex (>1,000 characters).

6. Patents

Optional; include if patents were obtained as a result of the reported work.

Supplementary Materials

Optional; include if the research is complex and authors want to share primary results.

Author Contributions

For multi-author articles, provide a short paragraph detailing individual contributions, using statements such as:
“Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y., and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing – original draft, X.X.; writing – review & editing, X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.”

Authorship should only include individuals who made a significant contribution.

Funding

Examples:

  • “This research received no external funding.”

  • “This research was funded by [Funder Name], Grant No. XXX.”

  • “APC was funded by XXX.”

Institutional Review Board Statement

Include a statement and approval number if applicable:

  • For human studies: “The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of [Institution Name], Protocol Code XXX, Date of Approval.”

  • For animal studies: “The animal study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of [Institution Name], Protocol Code XXX, Date of Approval.”

  • If no ethics approval was required: “Ethical review and approval were waived due to [Reason].”

  • If not applicable: “Not applicable.”

Acknowledgments

Optional; acknowledge support not covered in author contributions or funding. This may include administrative, technical, or in-kind support (e.g., materials used in experiments).

Conflicts of Interest

Declare any conflicts of interest or state: “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Any role of sponsors in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, writing, or publication decisions must be disclosed. If no sponsor involvement: “The sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.”

References

  • References must be in APA style, in English only, with at least 20 sources from recent years. Self-citations ≤10%.

  • Prepare references using bibliographic software (e.g., EndNote, ReferenceManager, Zotero).

  • Include DOI for all references if available.

  • Example free tool for generating reference lists: https://www.grafiati.com.

In-text citation examples:

  • Single author: (Shevchenko, 2024) or Shevchenko (2024)

  • Two authors: (Shevchenko & Shevchenko, 2024) or Shevchenko & Shevchenko (2024)

  • Three or more authors: (Shevchenko et al., 2024) or Shevchenko et al. (2024)